Research Article

Combination of Dichloroacetate and Atorvastatin Regulates Excessive Proliferation and Oxidative Stress in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Development via p38 Signaling

Figure 1

Pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by MCT is inhibited by dichloroacetate and atorvastatin combination therapy. (a, b) Measurement of RVSP and right ventricular hypertrophy in each treatment group (). (c, d) Representative images of pulmonary artery remodeling in each group; arrows indicate representative vessels. (c) Elastic Van Gieson staining and (d) Hematoxylin and eosin staining. Scale bars, 100 μm. (e, f) Quantification of remodeled vessels. (e) Medial wall thickness () and (f) percentage of nonmuscularized or partially muscularized or fully muscularized arteries at alveolar and duct levels (). and indicate and , respectively, comparing the control group; #, ##, and ### indicate , , and , respectively, comparing the MCT group. MCT: monocrotaline; RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; RV/(LV+S): right ventricular/(left ventricular + septum); H&E: hematoxylin and eosin staining. Bars represent .