Research Article
Investigation of the Role of Oxidative Stress and Factors Associated with Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Patients after Heart Transplantation
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study population divided into groups without CAV and with CAV.
| | Parameter | Patients without CAV,
7 | Patients with CAV,
| |
| | Donor data | | | | | Age (years) | 30.00 (21.00-39.00) | 32.00 (22.00-38.00) | 0.394 | | Male (%) | 69 (71.1) | 74 (76.3) | 0.415 | | Recipient data at the time of study inclusion | | | | | Age (years) | 59.00 (37.00-64.00) | 62.00 (55.00-67.00) | 0.003 | | Male (%) | 69 (71.1) | 74 (76.3) | 0.415 | | Hypertension (%) | 71 (73.2) | 70 (72.2) | 0.872 | | Type 2 DM (%) | 57 (58.8) | 63 (64.9) | 0.375 | | Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 47 (48.5) | 72 (74.2) | <0.001 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 25.00 (22.00-29.00) | 27.00 (25.00-30.00) | 0.010 | | Hemoglobin (mmol/L) | 8.80 (8.20-9.40) | 8.50 (7.90-9.30) | 0.225 | | Leukocyte count (×109/L) | 6.64 (5.51-8.09) | 6.38 (5.45-7.67) | 0.504 | | ESR (mm/h) | 14.00 (7.00-23.00) | 23.00 (12.00-44.00) | 0.001 | | hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 3.40 (1.58-5.40) | 5.70 (4.50-7.15) | <0.001 | | INR | 1.00 (0.97-1.05) | 0.99 (0.95-1.05) | 0.232 | | Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 341.00 (298.00-404.00) | 396.00 (334.00-469.00) | 0.001 | | Creatinine (μmol/L) | 105.00 (90.00-133.00) | 121.00 (99.00-146.00) | 0.032 | | Bilirubin (μmol/L) | 10.00 (7.50-14.60) | 10.30 (7.20-14.60) | 0.847 | | Urea (mmol/L) | 7.70 (6.10-9.80) | 8.90 (7.00-11.60) | 0.005 | | Uric acid (μmol/L) | 406.00 (345.00-453.00) | 401.00 (342.00-479.00) | 0.818 | | Total protein (g/L) | 74.00 (71.00-78.00) | 74.00 (70.00-78.00) | 0.992 | | Albumin (g/L) | 46.00 (44.00-48.00) | 45.00 (42.00-47.00) | 0.005 | | HbA1c (%) | 5.80 (5.50-6.30) | 6.00 (5.50-6.40) | 0.505 | | Sodium (mmol/L) | 140.00 (139.00-142.00) | 141.00 (139.00-142.00) | 0.446 | | AST (U/L) | 22.00 (18.00-26.00) | 22.00 (18.00-27.00) | 0.688 | | ALT (U/L) | 17.00 (13.00-24.00) | 18.00 (15.00-26.00) | 0.134 | | ALP (U/L) | 78.00 (62.00-101.00) | 91.00 (73.00-110.00) | 0.014 | | GGTP (U/L) | 29.00 (18.00-58.00) | 41.00 (25.00-69.00) | 0.006 | | Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.55 (3.75-5.29) | 4.80 (3.97-5.73) | 0.103 | | Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.33 (0.92-1.95) | 1.43 (1.11-2.12) | 0.122 | | LDL (mmol/L) | 2.47 (2.01-3.12) | 2.78 (2.12-3.52) | 0.164 | | HDL (mmol/L) | 1.45 (0.39) | 1.42 (0.44) | 0.659 | | TAC (mmol/L) | 1.19 (1.12-1.33) | 0.99 (0.91-1.08) | <0.001 | | TOS (μmol/L) | 3.80 (3.14-4.40) | 5.32 (4.48-6.56) | <0.001 | | OSI | 3.06 (2.51-3.74) | 5.44 (4.61-6.76) | <0.001 | | LVEF (%) | 55.00 (55.00-60.00) | 55.00 (52.00-58.00) | 0.013 | | M. mofetil+tacrolimus (%) | 74 (76.3) | 70 (72.2) | 0.511 | | M. mofetil %+cyclosporine (%) | 23 (23.7) | 27 (27.8) | 0.511 | | Statin (%) | 44 (45.4) | 63 (64.9) | 0.006 | | Antioxidant supplement (%) | 17 (17.5) | 13 (13.4) | 0.427 |
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Abbreviations: ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; CAV: cardiac allograft vasculopathy; CMV: cytomegalovirus; DM: diabetes mellitus; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; GGTP: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HBA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; M. mofetil: mycophenolate mofetil; OSI: oxidative stress index; TOS: total oxidant status; TAC: total antioxidant capacity. Data are presented as medians (25th–75th percentile), means (standard deviation), or numbers (percentages) of patients; (statistically significant). |
