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Plant name | Parts used | Active compound | Action | References |
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Ginkgo biloba L | Leaves | Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin | Improves cerebral blood flow | [50] |
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer | Arial parts and root | Aglycones, protopanaxadiol, and propanaxatriol | Promotes neuron survival, increasing the levels of neurotrophic factors | [51] |
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi | Arial parts and root | Baicalein, baicalin, and wogonin | Protect neurons from oxidative damage | [52] |
Curcuma longa L | Rhizome | Curcumin | Inhibition of cytokine production and microglia activation | [53] |
Vitis vinifera L. | Fruits and seeds | Resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin | Neuroprotective effects | [54] |
Salvia officinalis L. | Leaves and flowers | 1,8-Cineole, camphor, borneol, caryophyllene, and linalool | Anticholinesterase activity | [55] |
Coffea spp. | Seeds | Caffeine | Acts on adenosine receptors | [56] |
Camellia sinensis Kuntze | Leaves | Epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, myricetin, quercetin, kaempherol, epicatechin | Antioxidants, protects from oxidative stress, reduces amyloid proteins | [57] |
Bacopa monniera (L.) Pennel | Whole plant | Herpestine, d-mannitol, hersaponin, and monnierin | Enhancing neuronal synthesis, kinase activity, restoration of synaptic activity, and nerve impulse transmission | [58] |
Centella asiatica (L.) urban | Leaves | Asiaticoside, brahmoside, brahminoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, brahmic acid, isobrahmic acid, and betulic acid | Antioxidant action, acetylcholine esterase inhibitor activity | [59] |
Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell | Roots | Glycosides, terpenoids, phenylethanoid, glycosides, and phenolic glycosides | Neuritogenic activity | [58] |
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