NAC Supplementation of Hyperglycemic Rats Prevents the Development of Insulin Resistance and Improves Antioxidant Status but Only Alleviates General and Salivary Gland Oxidative Stress

Table 3

Plasma redox status of rats.

	C	C+NAC	HFD	HFD+NAC	ANOVA
Serum
SOD (mU/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
CAT (nmol H2O2/min/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
GPx (mU/mg protein)					0.2856
GR (mU/mg protein)					0.0679
Plasma
UA (μg/mg protein)			^a		0.0098
AA (pmol/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
GSH (ng/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
TAC (μmol/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
TOS (nmol H2O2 Equiv./mg protein)			^a	^a	<0.0001
OSI (TOS/TAC ratio)			^a	^a,b	<0.0001
8-isoP (pg/mg protein)			^a	^a	<0.0001
4-HNE (μg/mg protein)			^a	^a,b	<0.0001
AGE (AFU/mg protein)			^a	^a	<0.0001
AOPP (nmol/mg protein)			^a	^b	<0.0001
8-OHdG (pg/mg protein)			^a		0.0006

C: control group; HFD: high-fat-fed group; C+NAC: control rats+N-acetylcysteine supplementation; HFD+NAC: high-fat-fed rats+N-acetylcysteine supplementation; SOD: superoxide dismutase; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; UA: uric acid; AA: ascorbic acid; GSH: reduced glutathione; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; TOS: total oxidant status; OSI: oxidative status index; 8-isoP: 8-isoprostanes; 4-HNE: 4 hydroxynonneal protein adducts; AGE: advanced glycation end products; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-d-guanosine; ^a vs C; ^b vs. HFD.