Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants: A Step towards Disease Treatment

Figure 1

Administration and transport of nontargeted antioxidants (NAs) and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs). Ideal antioxidants are bioavailable and can be quickly transported into the blood circulation via intestinal absorption or intravenous injection. The NA can hardly be efficiently delivered to the targeted tissues and mitochondria. The MTAs accumulate 100-500 times in the mitochondria and protect the tissues (brain, liver, kidney, muscle, ear, or heart) from oxidative damage.