Research Article

CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Intracranial Thrombi Are Inversely Correlated with Hemorrhagic Transformation after Thrombectomy: A Clinical-Immunohistochemical Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Table 2

Univariate comparison of patients with hemorrhagic versus nonhemorrhagic transformation.

Hemorrhagic transformation ()Nonhemorrhagic transformation ()

Characteristic
 Age on admission (y), median (range)70 (53-91)71 (60-87)0.357
 Women, (%)14 (43.8%)30 (50.8%)0.514
 NIHSS on admission, median (range)14 (6-23)15 (3-22)0.558
Interventional parameters
 TICI (2b-3 score), (%)27 (84.4%)57 (96.6%)0.092
 Bridging therapy, (%)20 (62.5%)32 (54.2%)0.656
TOAST, (%)0.538
 Atherosclerotic12 (37.5%)18 (30.5%)
 Cardioembolic18 (56.3%)38 (64.4%)
 Other1 (6.2%)3 (5.1%)
Vascular risk factors, (%)
 Hypertension18 (56.3%)45 (76.3%)0.059
 Diabetes mellitus4 (12.5%)14 (23.7%)0.272
 Coronary heart disease6 (18.8%)12 (20.3%)0.557
Clinical outcome, (%)0.514
 mRS (0-2)17 (53.1%)35 (59.3%)
 mRS (3–6)15 (46.9%)24 (40.7%)
 Mortality8 (25%)7 (11.9%)0.141
Thrombus components, median (SD)
 CD4+ cells2 (1.7)13 (5.6)<0.001
 CD25+ cells3 (1.5)11 (7.2)<0.001

NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TICI: thrombolysis in cerebral infarction; TOAST: Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment; mRS: modified Rankin Scale. Primary target variables.