Research Article

The Role of RIPC in Preventing Organ Damage, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress during Lower Limb DSA: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Table 2

Mean change of organ damage biomarkers in the groups of the per-protocol population with respect to stenting.

RIPCSHAM value+
valueStent valueStent
NoYesNoYes
MeanMeanMeanMean

Δhs-TropT (ng/L)0.51-0.09-0.150.48-0.31-0.540.56
ΔCK-MBm (μg/L)0.65-0.45-0.080.26-0.36-0.560.33
ΔNT-proBNP (pg/mL)0.66-54.0-39.60.34-51.0-23.00.87
Δhs-CRP (mg/L)0.0360.977.56<0.0001-0.932.570.059
ΔGlucose (mmol/L)0.760.250.380.88-0.090.310.62
ΔCreatinin (μmol/L)0.461.463.950.473.331.370.80
ΔUrea (mmol/L)0.590.070.310.0390.35-0.070.76
ΔCystatin-C (mg/L)0.200.010.030.490.00-0.020.19
ΔBeta-2 microglobuline (μg/L)0.2014.2142.30.69-13.8-3.70.10
ΔeGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)0.47-0.8-3.10.37-2.9-1.20.95
ΔAdiponectin (ng/mL)1268-221.20.44204460.72
ΔIL-18 (pg/mL)0.240.711.60.887.55.01
ΔMPO (ng/mL)0.5323.339.90.0750.5270.087
ΔNGAL (ng/mL)0.909.911.60.385.45.10.089
Δox-LDL (U/L)0.89-1.8-0.40.47-1.00.80.67
ΔKIM-1 (pg/mL)0.56156917410.448816450.17
ΔL-FABP (ng/mL)0.72-0.06-0.040.0840.11-0.140.81
ΔIsoprostanes/creatinine (ng/mmol)0.026-7.83.50.005-11.62.1

Δ: mean change; +: adjusted to stenting; hs-TropT: high-sensitivity troponin T; CK-MBm: creatine kinase MB mass; NT-proBNP: N-terminal proBNP; Glc: glucose; MPO: myeloperoxidase; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; oxLDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; KIM-1: kidney injury molecule 1; L-FABP: liver-type fatty acid-binding protein.