Review Article
A Literature-Based Update on Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.: Traditional Uses, Nutraceutical, and Phytopharmacological Profiles
Table 4
Cytotoxic and anticancer effects of various parts of B. hispida extracts/fractions.
| | Extract/isolated compounds | Model dose/concentration | Results/mechanisms | References |
| | Aqueous seed extract | HUVECs, NIH/3T3 cells/in vitro
Male C57BL/6 mice/in vivo
Standard: NNGH | No cytotoxicity on HUVECs, NIH/3T3 cells
decrease bFGF-induced angiogenesis in mice | [84] | | Fruit, seed, root proteins | HeLa, K-562 cells/in vitro
IC50 of fruit, , 40-50 μg/mL
in Artemia salina
on HeLa, K-562 cells
Standards: lysozime, tyrosine, carbonic anhydrase, ovalbumin, albumin | Decrease cell proliferation by 28.50-36.80% | [24] | | Aqueous extract | HUVECs cells/in vitro
on high glucose (25 mM)
Standards: glucose 25 mM, glucose and ABH 5 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml | Decrease cell adhesion molecules activation,
Decrease ROS, NF-κB
Decrease inhibiting monocyte adhesion | [57] | | Methanolic/whole plant extract | Artemia salina/in vitro
Standard: DMSO, vincristine sulphate 0.91 μg/mL | Increase cytotoxic effect concentration-dependent | [70] |
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Abbreviations: IC50: value concentration that inhibits cell growth by 50%; bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; ROS: reactive oxygen species; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; NNGH: N-isobutyl-N-(4-methoxyphenylsulfonyl)-glycylhydroxamic acid.
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