Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Hypoxia-Induced Synaptic Loss and Cognitive Impairment via Inhibition of Microglial NOX2 Activation in the Hippocampus of Neonatal Rats

Figure 8

Schematic showing the potential mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine against hippocampal synaptic damage under hypoxic conditions. Under hypoxic conditions, microglial NOX2 activation and subsequent ROS generation are key upstream regulators that can activate NF-κB signaling and amplify the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Dexmedetomidine suppresses microglial NOX2 to reduce ROS and neuroinflammation and finally protects against hippocampal synaptic damage.