Mechanisms of Hydroxyurea-Induced Cellular Senescence: An Oxidative Stress Connection?

Figure 2

Mechanism of cellular senescence. The figure illustrates the main three senescence types that influence tumorigenesis: replicative senescence (RS) due to telomere shortening from a limited number of cell divisions, oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) due to an aberrant and sustained antiproliferative response to oncogenic signaling resulting from an oncogene-activating mutation and expression or the inactivation of a tumor-suppressor gene, and chemotherapy-induced senescence (CIS) due to cell response to severe genotoxic stress from exposure to a variety of onco-therapeutic agents.