Bortezomib Rescues Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss via SMURF-Mediated Ubiquitination Pathway

Figure 2

The effect of bortezomib on the osteoclastogenic differentiation of BMM cells. (a) Representative images of multinucleated osteoclasts stained by TRAP, F-actin rings, and pit formation. . (b) Quantification of the cell number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in randomly chosen fields of view (FOV) of the bortezomib-treated BMM cells. (c) Quantification of the number of F-actin rings in randomly chosen FOV of the bortezomib-treated BMM cells. (d–g) The mRNA levels of osteoclast-specific marker genes, including Trap, Ctsk, Nfatc1, and Mmp9 were quantified with real-time RT-PCR using GAPDH as the normalization. (h) The protein levels of osteoblast-specific marker enzymes were determined using Western blot assays. Values represent of three replicas for TRAP and F-actin staining assays, three replicas for RT-PCR experiments and three replicas for Western blot assays, respectively. Statistically significant differences are indicated by where or where between the indicated groups.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)