Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity / 2022 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
Antioxidant Effects of Irisin in Liver Diseases: Mechanistic Insights Table 1 The main mechanism of antioxidant effects of irisin.
Study Crucial molecules Liver disease1 Animal models Results Bi et al. [14 ], 2019 UCP-2 HIR C57BL/6J mice2 Irisin could suppress the production of ROS via upregulating UCP-2. Bi et al. [14 ], 2019 Drp-1, Fis-1 HIR C57BL/6J mice Irisin could decrease the expression of Drp-1 and Fis-1 to inhibit inappropriate mitochondrial fission for less oxidative stress. Bi et al.[14 ], 2019 PGC-1a, TFAM HIR C57BL/6J mice Irisin might increase the level of the PGC-1a and TFAM to decrease the oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Park et al. [62 ], 2015 PRMT3 NAFLD AML12 cells3 /mouse primary hepatocytes Irisin may attenuate the function of PRMT3 to decrease the production of ROS. Fan et al. [27 ], 2019 NLRP3 inflammasomes Liver fibrosis Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats Irisin may inhibit the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes to reduce the hepatic injury due to oxidative stress. Bi et al. [13 ], 2020 JNK, telomerase HIR Male Sprague-Dawley rats Irisin would elevate the function of telomerase to promote the autophagy of hepatocyte to reduce the production of ROS via inhibiting JNK phosphorylation. Zhang et al. [36 ], 2020 Kindlin-2, α v integrins HIR C57BL/6J mice Kindlin-2 may participate in the antioxidant effects of irisin. The α v integrins are transmembrane receptor of irisin to exert irisin’s antioxidant effect. Mazur-Bialy and Pocheć [71 ], 2021 Nrf2, HO-1 NAFLD Quiescent macrophages/LPS-stimulated macrophages Irisin reduces oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 involved pathway. Li et al. [89 ], 2021 SIRT2 NAFLD C57BL/6J mice SIRT2 might maintain the stability of irisin to perform antioxidant function. Wei et al. [86 ], 2020 GPX4 Liver in sepsis C57BL/6J mice GPX4 is involved in the antioxidant effect of irisin and mitigates the ferroptosis.
1 The liver disease models established in the experiment or involved in relevant pathways. 2 C57BL/6J mice is the most used inbred strain of laboratory mouse. 3 AML12 cells were established from hepatocytes from a transgenic mouse with human TGF-α . ROS: reactive oxygen species; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HIR: hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury; SOD: superoxide dismutase; UCP-2: Uncoupling protein-2; Drp1: Dynamin-related protein 1; Fis1: fission protein 1; PGC-1a: peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha; TFAM: mitochondrial transcription factor A; PRMTs: protein arginine methyltransferases; NLRP3: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3; TERT: telomerase reverse transcriptase; JNK: c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; HO-1: heme oxygenase 1; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; GPX-4: glutathione peroxidase-4; SIRT2: Sirtuin 2.