Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants and Risk of Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Table 3

The estimations of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy for MR results.

Outcomes	Exposures	IVW		MR-Egger				MR-PRESSO
		-statistic	value	-statistic	value	Egger intercept	value	for global test
Stroke	Vit. C (ascorbate)	30.83		30.26		0.008 (-0.033-0.049)
	Vit. E (α-tocopherol)	5.90		2.05		0.014 (-0.034-0.062)
	Vit. E (γ-tocopherol)	6.56		6.48		-0.005 (-0.042-0.033)
	Carotene	19.24		19.00		-0.004 (-0.023-0.016)
	Vit. A (retinol)	8.07		6.97		-0.012 (-0.037-0.012)
	Zinc	5.44		2.15		0.022 (-0.002-0.045)
	Selenium	2.79		2.38		-0.006 (-0.024-0.012)
Ischemic stroke	Vit. C (ascorbate)	33.50		32.95		0.008 (-0.037-0.053)
	Vit. E (α-tocopherol)	4.74		4.62		0.007 (-0.040-0.053)
	Vit. E (γ-tocopherol)	5.31		5.31		-0.001 (-0.037-0.036)
	Carotene	12.80		12.63		-0.003 (-0.021-0.015)
	Vit. A (retinol)	9.05		8.40		-0.010 (-0.039-0.019)
	Zinc	5.63		2.31		0.024 (-0.002-0.049)
	Selenium	2.05		1.93		-0.003 (-0.022-0.016)

Vit: vitamin; MR: Mendelian randomization; IVW: inverse-variance weighted.