Ginkgolic acid improves bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting SMAD4 SUMOylation

<div>SENP1 mediated the deSUMOylation of SMAD4 in response to TGF-<i>β</i>1-induced EMT. A549 cells were either transfected with His-SENP1 or treated with BLM, GA, NAC (TGF-<i>β</i>1 scavenger agonist), or them in combination. (a) The morphological changes of cells in each group were observed under light microscopy. (b) Western blot (WB) analysis of the levels of key EMT-related proteins. (c) Vimentin expression was detected by immunofluorescence to determine the degree of pulmonary fibrosis. 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig5

Figure 5

Figure 5: Ginkgolic acid improves bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting SMAD4 SUMOylation 