Neurodegenerative diseases include many debilitating, incurable pathologies that are rapidly increasing in prevalence. Among these, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive memory loss and dementia. Its histological hallmarks include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and dystrophic neurites. Recent evidences suggest that these pathological changes are correlated to oxidative stress and inflammation. Indeed, markers of oxidative stress have been detected in the brains of patients affected by amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), and of late AD patients. The accumulation of oxidized molecules is caused by the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and the antioxidative cell systems, and has been suggested as one of the molecular events that characterize the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to oxidative stress, dysregulated chronic neuroinflammation has been described to be a driving force of decade-long neurodegenerative processes. Hence, limiting these two intertwined pathologic factors may have greater efficacy in the treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.

Since several proteins contribute to AD pathogenic mechanisms, new therapeutic strategies and combination or multitarget-directed therapies may be a new frontier for the treatment of this and other neurodegenerations.

The goal of this Special Issue is to understand the relation between inflammation and oxidative stress in the onset and/or progression of neurodegeneration, and to explore new therapeutic strategies including single and multitarget-directed ligands approach. Original research and review articles are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• The role of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration
• The role of chronic inflammation and its interaction with oxidative stress in neurodegeneration
• Evaluation of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients affected by neurodegenerative disease
• Design, synthesis and in vitro assessment of multitarget-directed ligands or combination therapy for the treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases
• In vivo evaluation of multitarget-directed ligands or combination therapy for the treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases
• Drug repositioning for the treatment of oxidative stress and inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases