A Feasibility RCT Evaluating a Play-Informed, Caregiver-Implemented, Home-Based Intervention to Improve the Play of Children Who Are HIV Positive
Table 5
Effect sizes of ToP item scores.
ToP item
PICIHBI group
Comparison group
Baseline to mid
Baseline to post
Mid to post
Baseline to mid
Baseline to post
Mid to post
Engaged (E)
−2.81
−0.57
−1.27
−0.26
1.71
0.35+
−0.12
−0.02
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.22+
Decides (E)
−2.43
−0.50
0.00
0.00
2.64
0.54+
−0.17
−0.04
0.00
0.00
1.61
0.33+
Safety (E)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mischief (E)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Process (E)
−0.59
−0.12
1.12
0.23+
2.00
0.41+
0.73
0.15+
1.57
0.32+
0.00
0.00
Pretends (E)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
−1.72
−0.35
1.19
0.24+
0.00
0.00
Unconventional (E)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Social play (E)
−2.13
−0.43
−2.46
−0.50
0.00
0.00
−1.73
−0.35
−1.66
−0.34
0.00
0.00
Clowns (E)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Cues (E)
−0.54
−0.11
0.00
0.00
0.92
0.19+
−0.06
−0.01
0.00
0.00
0.31
0.06
Engaged (I)
−0.97
−0.20
−0.54
−0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Social play (I)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Affect (I)
−1.51
−0.31
−2.24
−0.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.06
0.26
0.05
Object (I)
−1.08
−0.22
0.00
0.00
0.75
0.15+
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Engaged (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Modifies (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Social play (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.27
0.06
0.11
0.02
Supports (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.63
0.33+
0.71
0.14+
Initiate (S)
0.96
0.20+
1.34
0.27+
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Shares (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.08
1.34
0.27
0.00
0.00
Cues (S)
0.00
0.00
0.63
0.13+
0.83
0.17+
0.58
0.12+
0.71
0.14+
0.00
0.00
Responds (S)
0.51
−0.10
1.00
0.20+
0.00
0.00
−0.97
−0.20
1.63
0.33+
0.34
0.07
Objects (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
−0.72
−0.15
−1.35
−0.28
0.00
0.00
Transitions (S)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Notes: The r-effect size was used to calculate the effect sizes for nonparametric data. In this calculation, the effect size (i.e., r) is obtained by dividing the Wilcoxon Z score by the square root of the sample size; . Cohen’s guidelines for are small effect ≥ 0.1, medium effect ≥ 0.3, or large effect ≥ 0.5; +: small, medium, and large effect sizes; ,,.
