Development and Validation of the Occupational Therapy Engagement Scale for Patients with Stroke

Table 2

The infit and outfit mean square (MNSQ) statistics, mean item difficulties, and standard error (SE) of mean difficulty and step parameters of the occupational therapy engagement scale (OTES).

Item	Infit MNSQ	Outfit MNSQ	Mean difficulty	SE	Step 1	Step 2	Step 3
(1) Commits in therapy activities without being urged	1.01	0.96	0.06	0.14	-2.72	-0.30	3.02
(2) Sustains attention until the end of one therapeutic activity	0.99	0.98	-0.16	0.14	-3.78	0.13	3.65
(3) Adopts positive or pleasant attitude towards therapeutic activities	1.29	1.33	0.49	0.14	-3.95	0.29	3.66
(4) Is easily encouraged by the therapist to engage more in therapeutic activities	0.82	0.72	-0.12	0.14	-3.01	0.29	2.72
(5) Tries his or her best to participate in all therapeutic activities	0.97	0.96	-1.34	0.15	-4.49	0.55	3.94
(6) Listens to the therapist’s instructions carefully	0.86	0.87	0.42	0.14	-2.58	-0.77	3.34
(7) Correctly executes the therapeutic activities designed by the therapist without arbitrary adjustment of the activity content	1.01	1.05	-0.29	0.15	-3.08	-0.71	3.79
(8) Is willing to take the therapist’s advice to correct his or her movements or other performances	0.83	0.78	0.06	0.14	-2.32	-1.03	3.35
(9) Cooperates with the therapist and follows the therapist’s instructions	0.76	0.62	-0.59	0.15	-2.33	-0.85	3.18
(10) Completes the number of times or duration of activity recommended by the therapist before the end of each therapy session	1.34	1.20	-0.19	0.14	-2.11	-0.64	2.75
(11) Accepts physically or mentally challenging activities	0.89	0.87	0.77	0.14	-3.42	-0.28	3.70
(12) Is willing to attempt new or unfamiliar therapeutic activities	1.11	1.10	0.87	0.14	-3.20	-0.45	3.65

^†The items “Attends the therapeutic sessions on time without absence for no reason,” “Executes at least one home program or bedside activity recommended by the therapist,” “Continues practicing in a wrong way after therapist’s instruction,” and “Voluntarily discusses with the therapist the latest personal progress or changes in the patient’s condition” were not included because their infit and outfit MNSQ were beyond the preset criteria (infit , outfit ). ^‡Descriptors for each item—items 1 to 5: 0 (never), 1 (<50% of the time), 2 (≥50% of time), and 3 (always); items 6 to 10: 0 (sometimes), 1 (about 50% of the time), 2 (often), and 3 (always); and items 11 and 12: 0 (resists doing so), 1 (not willing but still does so), 2 (willing to do so), and 3 (glad to do so).