A Possible Novel Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism for the Pharmacological Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate: Implications for Use as a Therapeutic for Parkinson’s Disease
Figure 1
(a) BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with DHB (100 μM) for 1 h followed by cotreatment with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 6 h. Total RNA was isolated and real-time PCR analysis performed. Relative mRNA levels for iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 were normalized for GAPDH. Each bar represents means ± SEM. * compared with the control group, ** compared with the LPS-treated group. (b) Protein was extracted from whole cell lysates and subjected to western blot analysis for iNOS protein levels; actin was used as a loading control. Conditioned media (CM) was collected after 24 h LPS (100 ng/mL) ± DHB treatment and nitrite levels determined using the Griess reagent. Data are presented as means ± SD of at least four independent experiments. * compared with the control group, ** compared with the LPS treated group. (c) IL-6 levels in the CM were determined using an ELISA kit according to manufacturer’s recommendations. Data are presented as means ± SD of at least four independent experiments. * compared with the control group, ** compared with the LPS treated group.
