Clinical Study
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Handwriting in Parkinson’s Disease
Table 2
Average means (SD) before and after rTMS for each group and
values for all segments, upstrokes and downstrokes.
| | Variable | All segments | Upstroke | Downstroke | | 5 Hz | Control | value | 5 Hz | Control | value | 5 Hz | Control | value |
| | Vertical size (cm) | | | | | | | | | | | Before | 1.87 (0.09) | 1.85 (0.12) | 0.04*2 | 1.88 (0.09) | 1.87 (0.12) | 0.01*2 | 1.86 (0.09) | 1.84 (0.12) | NS | | After | 1.92 (0.10) | 1.84 (0.16) | 1.94 (0.09) | 1.85 (0.17) | 1.90 (0.12) | 1.84 (0.16) | | Peak Vertical velocity (cm/sec) | | | | | | | | | | | Before | 6.97 (1.72) | 7.54 (1.08) | 0.01*1 | 7.41 (1.48) | 8.11 (1.31) | NS | 6.55 (2.07) | 7.06 (1.38) | 0.02*1 | | After | 7.99 (1.90) | 7.98 (1.62) | 8.34 (1.89) | 8.48 (1.62) | 7.72 (2.06) | 7.59 (1.86) | | Average pen Beforessure | | | | | | | | | | | Before | 658.94 (209.10) | 546.43 (204.47) | NS | 675.30 (211.95) | 566.43 (195.68) | 0.05*2 | 642.39 (211.93) | 536.50 (207.25) | NS | | After | 564.64 (154.47) | 550.07 (254.76) | 581.09 (161.34) | 570.02 (254.05) | 543.31 (150.10) | 528.36 (259.84) |
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NS: not significant; *1significant main effect of time; *2significant session by time interaction.
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