Targeting Histone Deacetylases: A Novel Approach in Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1

Histone deacetylases in brain.

HDAC class	Isoforms expressed in brain	Localization	Species	References
Class 1 (Zn^2+ dependent)	HDAC 1	Cortex, caudate/putamen,; hippocampus, amygdala; SNpc, SNpr, locus coeruleus,; corpus callosum, gray matter,; white matter	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21–24]
	HDAC 2	Cortex, caudate/putamen hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, SNpr, locus coeruleus, gray matter, white matter, corpus callosum	Mouse,; rat,; mouse	[21–24]
	HDAC 3	Cortex, caudate/putamen hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, SNpr, locus coeruleus, globus pallidus	Mouse,; rat,; human	[21–23]
	HDAC 8	Hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, locus coeruleus	Human,; rat	[21, 22, 25]
Class IIa (Zn^2+ dependent)	HDAC 4	Cortex, caudate/putamen, hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, SNpr, locus coeruleus, globus pallidus	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21, 22, 24, 26, 27]
	HDAC 5	Cortex, caudate/putamen, hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, SNpr, locus coeruleus, globus pallidus	Rat,; mouse,; human	[21, 22, 28]
	HDAC 7	Cortex, caudate/putamen, hippocampus, amygdala SNpc, locus coeruleus, striatum, cerebellum	Rat,; mouse,; human	[21, 22, 29]
	HDAC 9	Cortex, SNpc, hippocampus, amygdala	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21, 22, 30, 31]
Class IIb (Zn^2+ dependent)	HDAC 6	Cortex, caudate/putamen Hippocampus, amygdala, SNpc, locus coeruleus, cerebellum	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21, 22, 32]
	HDAC 10	Cortex, amygdala, hippocampus	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21, 22, 33]
Class IV (Zn^2+ dependent)	HDAC11	Cortex, hippocampus, brain stem, cerebellum, diencephalon	Human,; mouse,; rat	[21, 22, 34]

SNpc: substantia nigra pars compacta, SNpr: substantia nigra pars reticulata, and HDAC: histone deacetylase.