Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: The Role of Posturography in Developing a Rehabilitation Program
Table 3
(a) Results of correlation analysis (correlation matrix for PD patients). (b) Results of correlation analysis (correlation matrix for controls).
(a)
Age
BBS
UPDRS III
AP SD OE
ML SD OE
Area ellipse OE
Total SD OE
AP SD OEC
ML SD OEC
Area ellipse OEC
Total SD OEC
Age
1.00
−0.46 ()
0.28 ()
−0.08 ()
0.32 ()
0.05 ()
−0.35 ()
0.22 ()
0.31 ()
0.40 ()
−0.41 ()
BBS
−0.46 ()
1.00
−0.37 ()
−0.13 ()
−0.49 ()
−0.32 ()
−0.11 ()
−0.27 ()
−0.30 ()
−0.53 ()
0.07 ()
UPDRS III
0.28 ()
−0.37 ()
1.00
0.04 ()
0.20 ()
0.19 ()
0.02 ()
0.16 ()
0.30 ()
0.30 ()
−0.06 ()
AP SD OE
−0.08 ()
−0.13 ()
0.04 ()
1.00
0.44 ()
0.86
0.14 ()
0.46 ()
0.22 ()
0.37 ()
−0.13 ()
SD ML OE
0.32 ()
−0.49 ()
0.20 ()
0.44 ()
1.00
0.79
0.04 ()
0.67
0.80
0.74
−0.02 ()
Area ellipse OE
0.05 ()
−0.32 ()
0.19 ()
0.86
0.79
1.00
0.13 ()
0.71
0.58
0.63
−0.11 ()
Total SD OE
−0.35 ()
−0.11 ()
0.02 ()
0.14 ()
0.04 ()
0.13 ()
1.00
−0.06 ()
−0.15 ()
−0.01 ()
0.86
AP SD OEC
0.22 ()
−0.27 ()
0.16 ()
0.46 ()
0.67
0.71
−0.06 ()
1.00
0.57 ()
0.89
−0.17 ()
ML SD OEC
0.31 ()
−0.30 ()
0.30 ()
0.22 ()
0.80
0.58
−0.15 ()
0.57 ()
1.00
0.79
−0.13 ()
Area ellipse OEC
0.40 ()
−0.53 ()
0.30 ()
0.37 ()
0.74
0.63
−0.01 ()
0.89
0.79
1.00
−0.12 ()
Total SD OEC
−0.41 ()
0.07 ()
−0.06 ()
−0.13 ()
−0.02 ()
−0.11 ()
0.86
−0.17 ()
−0.13 ()
−0.12 ()
1.00
BBS: Berg Balance Scale; UPDRS III: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, part III; OE: open eyes; OEC: open eyes counting; AP SD OE: anteroposterior standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; ML SD OE: mediolateral standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; Total SD OE: total standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; AP SD OEC: anteroposterior standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting; ML SD OEC: mediolateral standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting; Total SD OEC: total standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting.
(b)
Age
BBS
AP SD OE
ML SD OE
Area ellipse OE
Total SD OE
AP SD OEC
ML SD OEC
Area ellipse OEC
Total SD OEC
Age
1.00
−0.68 (p = 0.016)
0.05 (p = 0.874)
0.21 (p = 0.515)
0.06 (p = 0.841)
−0.01 (p = 0.986)
−0.31 (p = 0.330)
0.08 (p = 0.811)
−0.24 (p = 0.462)
−0.04 (p = 0.891)
BBS
−0.68 (p = 0.016)
1.00
−0.10 (p = 0.753)
−0.38 (p = 0.227)
−0.18 (p = 0.574)
0.19 (p = 0.546)
−0.16 (p = 0.625)
−0.22 (p = 0.500)
−0.07 (p = 0.834)
0.07 (p = 0.827)
AP SD OE
0.05 (p = 0.874)
−0.10 (p = 0.753)
1.00
−0.06 (p = 0.849)
0.91 p < 0.001
0.28 (p = 0.382)
0.38 (p = 0.218)
−0.11 (p = 0.732)
0.06 (p = 0.841)
0.32 (p = 0.314)
SD ML OE
0.21 (p = 0.515)
−0.38 (p = 0.227)
−0.06 (p = 0.849)
1.00
0.31 (p = 0.321)
−0.04 (p = 0.903)
0.36 (p = 0.250)
0.56 (p = 0.060)
0.42 (p = 0.176)
−0.25 (p = 0.442)
Area ellipse OE
0.06 (p = 0.841)
−0.18 (p = 0.574)
0.91 p < 0.001
0.31 (p = 0.321)
1.00
0.30 (p = 0.340)
0.58 (p = 0.047)
0.20 (p = 0.528)
0.30 (p = 0.336)
0.31 (p = 0.328)
Total SD OE
−0.01 (p = 0.986)
0.19 (p = 0.546)
0.28 (p = 0.382)
−0.04 (p = 0.903)
0.30 (p = 0.340)
1.00
0.45 (p = 0.144)
0.63 (p = 0.030)
0.65 (p = 0.022)
0.70 (p = 0.011)
AP SD OEC
−0.31 (p = 0.330)
−0.16 (p = 0.625)
0.38 (p = 0.218)
0.36 (p = 0.250)
0.58 (p = 0.047)
0.45 (p = 0.144)
1.00
0.68 (p = 0.014)
0.88 p < 0.001
0.43 (p = 0.165)
ML SD OEC
0.08 (p = 0.811)
−0.22 (p = 0.500)
−0.11 (p = 0.732)
0.56 (p = 0.060)
0.20 (p = 0.528)
0.63 (p = 0.030)
0.68 (p = 0.014)
1.00
0.90 p < 0.001
0.41 (p = 0.184)
Area ellipse OEC
−0.24 (p = 0.462)
−0.07 (p = 0.834)
0.06 (p = 0.841)
0.42 (p = 0.176)
0.30 (p = 0.336)
0.65 (p = 0.022)
0.88 p < 0.001
0.90 p < 0.001
1.00
0.45 (p = 0.142)
Total SD OEC
−0.04 (p = 0.891)
0.07 (p = 0.827)
0.32 (p = 0.314)
−0.25 (p = 0.442)
0.31 (p = 0.328)
0.70 (p = 0.011)
0.43 (p = 0.165)
0.41 (p = 0.184)
0.45 (p = 0.142)
1.00
BBS: Berg Balance Scale; OE: open eyes; OEC: open eyes counting; AP SD OE: anteroposterior standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; ML SD OE: mediolateral standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; Total SD OE: total standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes; AP SD OEC: anteroposterior standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting; ML SD OEC: mediolateral standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting; Total SD OEC: total standard deviation of trunk sway with open eyes counting.
