Parkinson’s Disease in Central Asian and Transcaucasian Countries: A Review of Epidemiology, Genetics, Clinical Characteristics, and Access to Care

Table 2

PD genetic studies in Central Asian countries.

n	Genetic mutations studied	Analysis method	Results	Sample size	Country (reference)
1	SNCA gene (Ala30Pro, Ala53Thr, Gly46Lis, Gly51Asp)	PCR, gel electrophoresis	No pathogenic mutations found	34 PD cases	Kazakhstan [6]
2	GIGYF2	PCR, Sanger sequencing	No pathogenic mutations found	Not stated	Kazakhstan [14]
3	SNCA (Ala53Thr), Parkin (T240M), LRRK2 (G2019S), Nat2, GSTT1, and GSTM1	PCR, Sanger sequencing	G2019S was found in 5.7% of idiopathic PD and 17.6% of familial PD patients	153 PD cases, 80 controls	Uzbekistan [15]
4	SNCA, Parkin	Not stated	13 (19.4%) positive to SNCA gene mutation, 27 (40.3%) positive to Parkin mutation	67	Uzbekistan [16]

PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PD, Parkinson’s disease.