Research Article

Music and Metronomes Differentially Impact Motor Timing in People with and without Parkinson’s Disease: Effects of Slow, Medium, and Fast Tempi on Entrainment and Synchronization Performances in Finger Tapping, Toe Tapping, and Stepping on the Spot Tasks

Table 5

Repeated measures ANOVA results for modality and cue type by tempi.

IRI % ErrorIRICoVAbsolute Asynchrony

Cue type
Slow
 Main effectns, ns, F(1, 43) = 26.544, ,  = 0.382
 Group interactionns, ns, F(2, 43) = 3.692, ,  = 0.147
Medium
 Main effectF(1, 62) = 10.966, , = 0.150F(1, 62) = 6.785, , = 0.099
 Group interactionns, ns,
Fast
 Main effectF(1, 59) = 13.512, , = 0.186F(1, 59) = 6.918, , = 0.105F(1, 47) = 43.417, ,  = 0.480
 Group interactionF(2, 59) = 3.391, ,  = 0.103ns, ns,

Modality
Slow
 Main effectns, F(2, 128) = 37.299, , = 0.368F(2, 86) = 22.879, ,  = 0.347
 Group interactionns, ns, ns,
Medium
 Main effectF(2, 124) = 7.035, ,  = 0.102F(2, 124) = 61.920, , = 0.500F(2, 66) = 31.938, , = 0.492
 Group interactionF(4, 124) = 2.629, , = 0.078ns, F(4, 66) = 3.089, , = 0.158
Fast
 Main effectF(2, 118) = 5.312, , = 0.083aF(2, 118) = 121.478, , = 0.673F(2, 94) = 150.058, ,  = 0.761
 Group interactionns, ns, F(4, 94) = 2.818, ,  = 0.107

aValues reporting a Greenhouse‐Geisser statistic.