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| Authors | Year | N | Study design | System | Result |
|
| Hubble et al. [6] | 1993 | 9 | Nonrandomized, controlled (one time, 90 min time interval) | Motor assessment by the video conference system | The UPDRS score by the system was comparable with face-to-face assessment |
| Samii et al. [7] | 2006 | 34 | Longitudinal observational (follow-up care, 3 years) | Videoconferencing system at home | Participants rated the questionnaire positively, telemedicine saved travel time and cost |
| Hoffmann et al. [8] | 2008 | 12 | Randomized, controlled (one-time, simultaneous evaluation) | Evaluation of motor and ADL via computer-based video conference system | The system was valid to measure ADL and the UPDRS. Intra- and interrater reliabilities were high |
| Tindall et al. [17] | 2008 | 24 | Case series (4 days/week, 4 weeks) | Delivery of LSVT via videophone | Vocal loudness improved; satisfaction with the technology combined to make videophone-delivered therapy |
| Biglan et al. [11] | 2009 | 1 | Case report (6 visits/8 months) | Live videoconferencing at the nursing home | Improvement in motor and cognitive symptoms (fewer dyskinesia, longer on time, improved MMSE); patient satisfied with the care |
| Fincher et al. [14] | 2009 | 36 | Randomized, controlled (one-time medication consultation) | Medication consultation via desktop videophone (21) vs telephone (15) | Videophones were significantly useful than telephones; satisfied more with videophones |
| Howell et al. [16] | 2009 | 3 | Case series (3 times/week, 4 weeks) | Internet delivery of LSVT | The system was comparable |
| Constantinescu et al. [18] | 2010 | 1 | Case report (4 days/week, 4 weeks) | Delivery of LSVT via PC-based videoconferencing system | Improvements in voice; satisfied with overall treatment |
| Dorsey et al. [12] | 2010 | 10 | Randomized, controlled (4 visit/6 months) | Telemedicine visit to the nursing home and adult day care populations via notebook computer-based videoconferencing telemedicine care (6) vs usual care (4) | Significant improvements in QOL and the UPDRS motor scale |
| Constantinescu et al. [19] | 2011 | 34 | Randomized, controlled (4 days/week, 4 weeks) | Online delivery of LSVT via PC-based videoconferencing system | Noninferiority of the online LSVT modality was confirmed; high participant satisfaction was reported overall |
| Dorsey et al. [24] | 2013 | 20 | Randomized, controlled, two centers (7 months) | Web-based videoconferencing (“virtual house call”) telemedicine (9) vs in-person care (11) | The change in quality of life did not differ |
| Venkataraman et al. [15] | 2014 | 35 | Case series (one time) | Specialist consultation for new patients via videoconferencing system | Patients satisfaction exceeded 90% |
| Qiang and Marras [30] | 2015 | 34 | Retrospective controlled study | Satisfaction questionnaire was compared between the previous user of video-based telemedicine use (34) vs nonuser (103) | Telemedicine reduced the cost; patients preferred combination of telemedicine and in-person visit |
| Dorsey et al. [20] | 2015 | 166 | Observational | Virtual research visit using web cameras and videoconferencing software | Overall satisfaction with visit was 79% (neurologists) and 93% (participants) |
| Stillerova et al. [10] | 2016 | 11 | Nonrandomized, self-controlled (one time) | MoCA test via video conference system (Skype; PC9, smartphone/tablet2) | Result is not different; system was viable |
| Stillerova et al. [9] | 2016 | 11 | Nonrandomized, controlled (one time) | Face-to-face vs videoconferencing software (Skype or Google Hangouts) using computers and webcams for evaluation of the MDS-UPDRS | Internet-based videoconferencing may be useful |
| Wilkinson et al. [13] | 2016 | 86 | Dual-arm, randomized, controlled (12 month) | Video telehealth visit home arm: 18 actives (tablet-PC), 18 controls; satellite clinic arm: 26 actives (Carts and web-come), 24 controls | High patient satisfaction, reduced travel burden, equal clinical outcomes |
| Barbour et al. [21] | 2016 | 16 | Long-term observational (over 3 years) | Videoconferencing system | Participants, families, subspecialists, and the nursing staff expressed uniformly high satisfaction |
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