Parkinson’s Disease

Research Article

Prediction of Life Satisfaction in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1

Participants’ characteristics at baseline for the total sample and separate for those not satisfied vs. satisfied with their lives at the 3-year follow-up and univariable logistic regression analyses with life satisfaction (3-year follow-up) as the dependent variable, N = 163¹.


Independent variables	Descriptives		Univariable regression analyses (total sample)
Independent variables	Total sample	Not satisfied/satisfied	OR (95% CI)	value

Sex (male), n (%)	106 (65.0)	49 (59.8)/57 (70.4)	0.625 (0.326–1.198)	0.157
Education (university level), n (%)	61 (37.4)	35 (42.7)/26 (32.1)	1.575 (0.831–2.987)	0.164
General self-efficacy (GSE), mean (SD)	30 (6.4)	28 (6.5)/32 (5.7)	1.114 (1.053–1.178)	<0.001
Motor symptoms (UPDRS III), mean (SD)	30 (13.5)	31 (12.5)/28 (14.4)	0.986 (0.962–1.010)	0.226
Walking difficulties (Walk-12G), mean (SD)	15 (10.7)	18 (10.8)/12 (9.8)	0.947 (0.917–0.979	0.001
Fall-related activity avoidance (yes), n (%)	61 (37.4)	40 (48.8)/21 (25.9)	0.368 (0.190–0.711)	0.003
Difficulties with, or need help in daily activities (PADLS; yes), n (%)	38 (23.3)	23 (28.0)/15 (18.5)	0.583 (0.278–1.221)	0.153
Depressive symptoms (GDS-15), median (q1–q3)	2 (1–4)	3 (2–5)/1 (0–2)	0.707 (0.597–0.838)	<0.001

OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; GSE = General Self-Efficacy Scale (10–40; higher = better); UPDRS III = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, motor part (0–108; higher = worse); Walk-12G = Generic Walk-12 (0–42; higher = worse); PADLS = Parkinson’s Disease Activities of Daily Living Scale (1–5; higher = worse; those who scored >2 were classified as having difficulties or needing help); GDS-15 = Geriatric Depression Scale (0–15; higher = worse). ¹Except for GSE, UPDRS III, Walk-12G, and GDS-15, which had 1–5 missing cases each. Life satisfaction was assessed with item 1 of the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (scored 1–6; higher = better), and scores were dichotomized into not satisfied (1–4; coded as 0) and satisfied (5-6; coded as 1). Statistically significant values (0.05) are presented in bold.