Wearable Sensors Measure Ankle Joint Changes of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease before and after Acute Levodopa Challenge

Figure 4

The ankle joint walking patterns of normal men. Each gait cycle of normal men includes stance phase and swing phase. The ankle joint moves through four ranges of motion, alternating between plantarflexion (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF). Among them, the first three motion ranges (1-PF, 2-DF, and 3-PF) occur in the stance phase, and the fourth (4-DF) occurs in the swing phase.