Parkinson’s Disease

Research Article

Detection of Phosphorylated Alpha-Synuclein in the Muscularis Propria of the Gastrointestinal Tract Is a Sensitive Predictor for Parkinson’s Disease

Table 3

Immunohistochemical findings in patients.
Patientα-SynucleinPhosphorylated α-synuclein
MPSMMucosaMPSMMucosa
C1Stomach+++− −−
 Colon+−−−−−
C2Stomach+++−−−−
 Colon++++−−−−
C3Stomach+++−−−−
 Colon+++++−−−−
C4Colon+++−−−−
C5Stomach+++++−−−−
C6Stomach++++−−−−
C7Stomach+++−−−−
C8Stomach+++−−−−
C9Colon+++++−−−−
C10Colon+++++−−−−
C11Colon+++++−−−−
C12Colon+++++−−−−
C13StomachNE−−NE−−
C14StomachNE+−NE−−
C15StomachNE−−NE−−
C16StomachNE+−NE−−
C17StomachNE+−NE−−
C18ColonNE−−NE−−
C19ColonNE−−NE−−
C20ColonNE+−NE−−
C21ColonNE−−NE−−
C22ColonNE−−NE−−
P1Stomach+++++−+−−
P2Stomach++++−+−−
P3Stomach++++−++−
P4ColonNE+−NE−−
P5ColonNE−−NE−−
P6StomachNE−−NE−−
P7StomachNE−−NE−−
Staining pattern: strong (+++), moderate (++), weak (+), and absent (–) for α-synuclein and positive (+) or negative (–) for phosphorylated α-synuclein. MP, muscularis propria; SM, submucosa; NE, not examined because MP was not included in the tissue samples.