Parkinsonics: A Randomized, Blinded, Cross-Over Trial of Group Singing for Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms in Idiopathic Parkinson Disease

Table 2

Voice outcomes.

Comparison (adjusted for presinging baseline)		Cookie Theft picture average loudness in decibels (dB)			Cookie Theft picture minimum loudness (dB)			Cookie Theft picture maximum loudness (dB)			Cookie Theft picture loudness range (dB)			Rainbow passage average loudness (dB)			Rainbow passage minimum loudness (dB)			Rainbow passage maximum loudness (dB)			Rainbow passage loudness range (dB)
		dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2	dB Δ	value	R^2
Overall cohort (weeks compared)	12–BL (week 0)	0.48	0.732	0.046	2.38	0.166	0.598	−2.76	0.051	0.208	−6.40	<0.001	0.550	−1.23	0.400	0.050	0.70	0.671	0.561	−0.19	0.880	0.037	−4.47	0.036	0.369
	24–12	−0.87	0.591	0.244	−0.94	0.622	0.032	−0.07	0.976	0.059	1.71	0.472	0.025	0.02	0.983	0.490	−3.28	0.069	0.403	3.21	0.258	0.160	6.64	0.117	0.153
	24–BL	0.53	0.692	0.155	2.03	0.349	0.307	−1.20	0.439	0.050	−5.66	0.010	0.242	−0.14	0.904	0.214	−0.80	0.609	0.302	3.79	0.192	0.086	2.17	0.538	0.017
Singing 1st (S) vs. singing 2nd (D)	Δ from start (presinging BL) to end interventions (week 24)	−3.19	0.037	0.282	−2.36	0.208	0.081	−2.03	0.203	0.112	0.67	0.711	0.077	−2.04	0.139	0.091	−6.05	0.001	0.416	0.82	0.586	0.021	4.50	0.083	0.196
	Δ final visit (week 30) vs. end interventions (week 24)	1.93	0.248	0.432	0.79	0.652	0.705	0.36	0.794	0.328	−3.40	0.088	0.330	1.12	0.284	0.709	2.92	0.176	55.610	1.46	0.458	0.104	−6.42	0.080	0.250