Nicotine Has a Therapeutic Window of Effectiveness in a Drosophila melanogaster Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Figure 5

Nicotine (4.5 μg/mL) improves flight performance in homozygous park²⁵ flies when given on days 0–5 post-eclosion. Control flies and park²⁵ mutants were initiated with 4.5 μg/mL nicotine on different starting days (days 0–8) post-eclosion. On day 20, flies were tested for their ability to fly. Results from individual Fisher’s Exact Tests between the control and park²⁵ flies at each nicotine concentration are shown. , , . The results of each data point are from at least five separate experiments with an n ≥ 36 flies (see Supplemental Table 1 for details).