Accuracy of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for Identifying Depression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Table 1

Sample characteristics.

Variable	Not depressed; ()	Depressed; ()	value
Female, (%)	70 (30.4%)	14 (48.3%)	0.085
Age, mean (SD)	62.7 (7.5)	60.0 (8.3)	0.057
BMI, mean (SD)	26.4 (6.1)	26.1 (5.9)	0.808
Comorbidities, mean (SD)	2.4 (2.2)	3.1 (1.6)	0.061
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	32 (13.9%)	1 (3.4%)	0.195
OSA, (%)	21 (9.1%)	5 (17.2%)	0.298
Arterial hypertension, (%)	109 (47.4%)	15 (51.7%)	0.808
Malignancy, (%)	27 (11.7%)	3 (10.3%)	0.931
GOLD stage, (%)
I	17 (7.4%)	2 (6.9%)	0.035
II	74 (32.2%)	16 (55.2%)
III	87 (37.8%)	10 (34.5%)
IV	52 (22.6%)	1 (3.5%)
CAT, mean (SD)	15.7 (7.1)	17.4 (7.4)	0.213
BODE index, mean (SD)	3.4 (2.4)	2.8 (2.3)	0.203
MRC-dyspnoea, mean (SD)	1.7 (1.1)	1.8 (1.0)	0.736
FEV1%, mean (SD)	46.6 (20.7)	54.5 (21.2)	0.044
6-MWT (meters), mean (SD)	412 (131)	410 (124)	0.916

Frequencies and means were compared using -tests and independent -tests, respectively.
-test for the frequency distribution across GOLD stages I/II/III/IV in depressed versus nondepressed patients.
6-MWT: 6-minute walking test; BMI: body mass index; CAT: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; FEV1%: percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in one second; GOLD: global initiative for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MRC-dyspnoea: Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale; OSA: obstructive sleep apnoea.