PPARs in Alveolar Macrophage Biology

Smith, Monica R.; Standiford, Theodore J.; Reddy, Raju C.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/23812

PPAR Research

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Special Issue

PPARs in Lung Biology and Disease

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Review Article | Open Access

Volume 2007 | Article ID 023812 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/23812

PPARs in Alveolar Macrophage Biology

Monica R. Smith,¹Theodore J. Standiford,¹and Raju C. Reddy¹

Academic Editor: Jesse Roman

Received13 Mar 2007

Accepted18 May 2007

Published30 Aug 2007

Abstract

PPARs, most notably PPAR-γ, play a crucial role in regulating the activation of alveolar macrophages, which in turn occupy a pivotal place in the immune response to pathogens and particulates drawn in with inspired air. In this review, we describe the dual role of the alveolar macrophage as both a first-line defender through its phagocytotic activity and a regulator of the immune response. Depending on its state of activation, the alveolar macrophage may either enhance or suppress different aspects of immune function in the lung. We then review the role of PPAR-γ and its ligands in deactivating alveolar macrophages—thus limiting the inflammatory response that, if unchecked, could threaten the essential respiratory function of the alveolus—while upregulating the cell's phagocytotic activity. Finally, we examine the role that inadequate or inappropriate PPAR-γ responses play in specific lung diseases.

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Copyright © 2007 Monica R. Smith et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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