Metabolic Functions of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor <mml:math id="E1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> in Skeletal Muscle

Gaudel, Céline; Grimaldi, Paul A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/86394

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PPARS and Obesity

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Volume 2007 | Article ID 086394 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/86394

Metabolic Functions of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor β/δ in Skeletal Muscle

Céline Gaudel¹and Paul A. Grimaldi¹

Academic Editor: Wallace Harrington

Received13 Sept 2006

Revised16 Nov 2006

Accepted21 Nov 2006

Published03 Jan 2007

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that act as lipid sensors and adapt the metabolic rates of various tissues to the concentration of dietary lipids. PPARs are pharmacological targets for the treatment of metabolic disorders. PPARα and PPARγ are activated by hypolipidemic and insulin-sensitizer compounds, such as fibrates and thiazolidinediones. The roles of PPARβ/δ in metabolic regulations remained unclear until recently. Treatment of obese monkeys and rodents by specific PPARβ/δ agonists promoted normalization of metabolic parameters and reduction of adiposity. Recent evidences strongly suggested that some of these beneficial actions are related to activation of fatty acid catabolism in skeletal muscle and also that PPARβ/δ is involved in the adaptive responses of skeletal muscle to environmental changes, such as long-term fasting or physical exercise, by controlling the number of oxidative myofibers. These observations indicated that PPARβ/δ agonists might have therapeutic usefulness in metabolic syndrome by increasing fatty acid consumption in skeletal muscle and reducing obesity.

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Copyright © 2007 Céline Gaudel and Paul A. Grimaldi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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