PPAR𝛾 and PPAR𝛿 as Modulators of Neoplasia and Cell Fate

Figure 3

PDK1 and PPAR autoregulatory cascade. Growth factor receptor (GFR) activation activates PDK1 leading to PKC and -catenin/TCF activation [88]. TCF target genes include cyclin D1, c-Myc, and PPAR [75]. PPAR transactivates PDK1 [72], which in turn perpetuates the oncogenic signaling cascade. Preliminary data suggests that PDK1 maintains the expression of the murine stem/progenitor cell marker, stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1), which is under the control of AP1 and Stat1 [92].