Microglia and Astrocyte Activation by Toll-Like Receptor Ligands: Modulation by PPAR- Agonists
Figure 3
The TZD pioglitazone inhibits microglial IL-12 p40 expression
in response to diverse TLR ligands. Primary microglia were plated at cells/well in 96-well plates and incubated overnight. The following day, cells
were pretreated for 1 hour with the indicated concentrations of pioglitazone
prior to the addition of TLR ligands. Cell-conditioned supernatants were
collected at 24 hours following TLR ligand exposure, whereupon IL-12 p40 levels
were determined by ELISA (a). The effects of pioglitazone on microglial
viability were assessed using an MTT assay (b). Significant differences between
microglia treated with TLR ligands alone versus TLR ligands + pioglitazone are
noted with asterisks . Results presented are representative of two
independent experiments.
