Review Article

Molecular Mechanisms and Genome-Wide Aspects of PPAR Subtype Specific Transactivation

Table 1

Cofactors regulating PPAR activity.

CoactivatorEnzymatic activityInteractionReference

Bifunctional enzyme (BFE)Dehydrogenase (A/B)[57]
BRG1-associated factor 60c (BAF60c)None (A/B)[58]
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1)HMTSRC-1-3[59]
Constitutive coactivator of PPAR (CCPG)None (D)[60]
CREBP- binding protein (CBP)HAT , (A/B, LBD, SRC)[61]
Hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone 5 protein (Hic5)None [62]
LIM domain-only protein (LMO4)None (D, LBD)[63]
Lipin 1None , PGC-1[64]
Mediator subunit 1 (MED1)None , , (LBD)[65]
Mediator subunit 14 (MED14)None (A/B)[66]
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)None (LBD)[67]
Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF-1)None (D, LBD)[68]
Murine double minute 2 (MDM2)Ubiquitin ligase , (A/B)[69]
p300HAT , (A/B, LBD, SRC)[61]
Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 2 (PARP-2)ADP-ribose polymerase [70]
Positive transcription elongation factor b complex (P-TEFb)Kinase [71]
PPAR -interacting complex 285 (PRIC285)DNA helicase , , (DBD)[72, 73]
PPAR -interacting complex 320 (PRIC320)DNA helicase [74]
PPAR-interacting protein (PRIP)None , (LBD)[75]
PPAR coactivator 1 (PGC-1 )None , (DBD)[76]
PPAR coactivator 2 (PGC-2)None (A/B)[15]
PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16)None , [77]
PRIP-interacting protein with methyltransferase domain (PIMT)HMTPRIP, CBP, MED1[78]
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2)HMT? [79]
Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1)HAT , , (LBD)[80]
Steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2)HAT , (LBD)[81]
Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3)HAT , , (LBD)[81]
Tat interactive protein (Tip60)HAT (A/B)[82]
Thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 3 (TRIP3)None (LBD)[83]

CorepressorEnzyme activityInteractionReference

Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)HDACNCoR, SMRT[84]
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)HDACNCoR, SMRT[85, 86]
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3)None [87]
Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR)None , , [88]
Receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140)None , (LBD)[89]
Scaffold attachment factor B1 (SAFB1)None , , [90]
Silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors (SMRT)None , , [88]
Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)HDACNCoR, PGC-1[91]
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3)None (A/B)[92]

Histone methyltransferase (HMT), Histone acetyltransferase (HAT), and Histone deactylase (HDAC).