Developmental Effects of Perfluorononanoic Acid in the Mouse Are Dependent on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha

Table 4

Serum PFNA concentrations at weaning in PPARα-KO and WT Adult female mice and offspring exposed to PFNA on GD 1–18.

Strain	Dose (mg/kg/day)	Adult females with no live pups		Adult females with live pups		Pups (sexes combined)
		𝑛	PFNA (𝜇g/ml)	𝑛	PFNA (𝜇g/ml)	𝑛 litters	PFNA (𝜇g/ml)
	0	14	0.067±0.005	12	0.022±0.004	9	0.033±0.008
	0.83	13	28.5±1.22^a	10	8.91±1.51^a	8	9.60±9.37^a
WT	1.1	26	39.7±1.26^a	10	23.2±2.57^a	5	15.7±1.42^a
	1.5	23	48.4±1.54^a	13	21.0±3.01^a	10	17.5±1.15^a
	2.0	26	64.0±2.46^a	11	35.3±3.90^a	7	25.3±2.70^a
	0	9	0.048±0.008	16	0.016±0.001	16	0.068±0.027
	0.83	8	38.4±2.34^a	11	2.76±0.172^a	12	15.2±1.01^a
KO	1.1	11	53.9±2.51^a	13	4.17±0.310^a	12	19.4±0.69^a
	1.5	37	72.1±2.91^a	8	11.8±5.71^a	7	26.4±1.39^a
	2.0	23	83.4±2.93^a	15	22.6±5.69^a	12	38.4±1.80^a

Values are means ± SEM or litter means ± SEM. Serum was collected from all adult females and from 2 pups per litter at 23 days post dose.
WT: wild type; KO: PPAR𝛼 knockout.
a Significantly different from control values by 𝑃<.0001. See text for more statistical comparisons.