Zebrafish as a Model to Study the Role of Peroxisome Proliferating-Activated Receptors in Adipogenesis and Obesity

Table 1

Endogenous and synthetic ligands of vertebrate PPARs.

PPAR	Ligand type	Potential agonists
PPARA	Endogenous	Fatty acids (lauric acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (Xenopus), docosahexaenoic acid (Xenopus), petroselinic acid (Xenopus), oleic acid (Xenopus), and elaidic acid (Xenopus)) [66, 67]; Eicosanoids (fatty acid-derived) (e.g., leukotriene B4) [68, 69]; Prostaglandin J2 (fatty acid-derived) [70]; Endocannabinoids [71]
	Synthetic	Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [72]; Fibrates (e.g., gemfibrozil, Bezafibrate, clofibrate, fenofibrate, ciprofibrate, pirinixic acid (Wy 14643), and GW2331) [3, 67, 73, 74]; ETYA (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid) (Xenopus) [66]
PPARD	Endogenous	Fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid) [69]; Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) components [75]
	Synthetic	Fibrates (Wy-14,643, Bezafibrate) [69]; GW501516, GW800644 [76, 77]
PPARG	Endogenous	Fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid, linoleic acid (mouse)) [14, 69]; Prostaglandin J2 metabolite 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-PGJ2 [70, 78]
	Synthetic	NSAIDs [72]; Thiazolidinediones [79]; ETYA (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid) (mouse) [14]; Prostaglandin J2 derivatives [70, 78]; Fibrates (Bezafibrate, clofibrate, and GW2331) [14, 67]