Current Advances in the Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Thiazolidinediones

Figure 1

The main pathways triggered by hyperglycemia include glucose autooxidation and constant activation of polyols’ pathway and formation of advance glycation end products (AGEs) and excessive glycolysis. With the constant activation of these pathways, living cells and tissues are damaged, mainly by impairment of target protein function, increase in oxidative stress, and activation of signal transduction pathways, leading to the imbalance of normal physiological functions and therefore the development of diabetic complications.