15-Deoxy-∆-^12,14-Prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), an Endogenous Ligand of PPAR-: Function and Mechanism

Table 3

Anti-fibrotic activity of 15d-PGJ2.

Organ	Mechanism	Cell type	Dosage	References
Lung	TGF-β1, α-SMA	Human lung fibroblasts	10 μM	[70]
Liver	TGF-β1, CTGF	Rat hepatic stellate cells	1–20 μM	[71]
Renal	TGF-β1, MAPKs,; AP-1	murine mesangial cells (SV40 MES 13)	20 μM	[73]
	TGF-β1, CTGF, α-SMA	rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK/49F)	10 μM	[74]
	TGF-β1, ROS	Human kidney-2 cells (HK-2)	10 μM	[75]
Eye	TGF-β1, α-SMA	Cat corneal fibroblasts	5 μM	[76]
Skin	TGF-β1, α-SMA, COL1A2	human dermal fibroblasts	10 μM	[77]
Aorta	TGF-β1, CTGF	Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells	1–10 μM	[78]