Review Article

CpG Island Methylation in Colorectal Cancer: Past, Present and Future

Table 1

A history of CIMP panels used to assess CpG island methylation in colorectal cancer.

StudyCIMP panel markersNotes

Toyota et al. [7]CDKN2A (p16), MINT1, MINT2, MINT12, MINT17, MINT25, MINT27, MINT31, MLH1, THBS1 Pioneering work to identify markers that distinguish CIMP from age-related methylation
Park et al. [31]CDKN2A, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, MLH1 So-called “classic” or traditional panel
Weisenberger et al. [13]CACNA1G, IGF2, NEUROG1, RUNX3, SOCS1“New” panel based on stepwise screen of 195 markers
Ogino et al. [34]CACNA1G, CDKN2A, CRABP1, MLH1, NEUROG1Selected markers to distinguish high-level from low-level methylation
Shen et al. [33]CIMP1: MINT1, MLH1, RIZ1, TIMP3, BRAF mutation; CIMP2: MINT2, MINT27, MINT31, Megalin, KRAS mutationExamined 27 CpG sites, proposed optimal epigenetic and genetic markers to identify CIMP1, CIMP2, or CIMP-
Tanaka et al. [35]CACNA1G, CDKN2A, CHFR, CRABP1, HIC1, IGF2, IGFBP3, MGMT, MINT1, MINT31, NEUROG1, p14, RUNX3, SOCS1, WRN Correlation structures of markers and CIMP differ by KRAS and BRAF status
Ang et al. [36]Total of 202 CpG sites differentially methylated between tumor and normalComprehensive DNA methylation profiling in 807 cancer genes
Kaneda and Yagi [37]Group 1: IGF2, LOX, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, MLH1, RUNX3, SOCS1; Group 2: ADAMTS1, DUSP26, EDIL3, ELMO1, FBN2, HAND1, IGFBP3, NEUROG1, RASSF2, STOX2, THBD, UCHL1 Comprehensive DNA epigenotyping of genomewide regions indentified two groups (high and intermediate to low methylation)