Systematic Review of Multidisciplinary Chronic Pain Treatment Facilities

Table 7

Pain professionals working at pain treatment facilities.

Treatment	Canada				Italy		United Kingdom				United States
	Peng et al. (2008) [17]	Peng et al. (2007) [21]	Veillette et al. (2005) [22]		De Benedittis and Lorenzetti (1989) [23]		Bisset (1988) [24]	Clinical Standards Advisory Group (2000) [25]	National Pain Audit (2011), England/Wales [27]		Castel et al. (2009) [29]	Csordas and Clark (1992) [30]	Hickling et al. (1985) [31]
Acupuncturist	35%	—	—		—		—	—	—		20%	—	2.6%
Anesthesiologist	51%	80%	100%		71.4%		—	—	—		57%	—	59.2%
Consultant	—	—	—		—		—	91%	71%/90%		—	—	—
Dentist	6.9%	—	—		—		—	—	—		—	—	22.4%
General practitioner	56%	—	—		—		—	—	—		7%	—	1.3%
Internal medicine specialist	—	—	—		23.8%		—	—	—		0%	—	31.6%
Neurologist	13%	—	—		36.5%		—	—	—		9%	—	46.1%
Neurosurgeon	7%	—	—		20.6%		—	—	—		16%	—	56.6%
Nurse	57%	100%	71%		—		93.8%	66.4%	—		30%	—	63.2%
Occupational therapist	—	—	0%		3.2%		—	57%	—		—	56%	47.4%
Orthopedic surgeon	14%	—	—		—		—	—	—		18%	—	40.8%
Pharmacist	—	—	—		—		100%	7%	78%/30%		2%	—	2.6%
Physiatrist	32%	—	—		14.3%		—	—	—		33%	—	42.1%
Physiotherapists	75%	80%	10%		—		100%	80%	52%/60%		26%	56%	75%
Psychiatrist	22%	20%	—		22.2%		—	—	—		26%	80%	59.2%
Psychologist	68%	100%	13%		30.2%		18.8%	67%	48%/60%		22%	80%	85.5%
Respiratory care therapist	—	—	42%		—		—	—	—		—	—	1.3%
Rheumatologist	9%	—	—		—		—	—	—		2%	—	—
Social worker	—	—	0%		12.7%		—	—	—		—	—	47.4%

Note. Information on employed pain professionals was not available for Dr. Foster & the Pain Society [26], Hogg et al. [20], National Pain Audit [28], and Peng et al. [18]. Articles reporting on a profession not reported in another study were not included in the table ( professions). Articles reporting professions without a percentage were not included.
Reported only for services with specialist medication management.
Listed in the paper as either a physical or occupational therapist.
Listed in the paper as either psychiatrists or psychologists.