Research Article
Psychological Distress in Out-Patients Assessed for Chronic Pain Compared to Those with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Table 2
Pairwise comparison psychological factors by group after controlling for average pain intensity.
| Factor | CP mean (SD) | RA mean (SD) | SE | | | | Effect size |
| AAQ | 32.48 (8.17) | 27.93 (7.74) | 1.02 | 10.44 | <0.001 | 0.35 | Small | DASS depression | 7.87 (5.09) | 3.15 (3.13) | 0.52 | 37.20 | <0.001 | 0.66 | Medium | DASS anxiety | 8.37 (4.67) | 4.17 (3.61) | 0.51 | 26.54 | <0.001 | 0.56 | Medium | DASS stress | 8.12 (3.57) | 4.85 (3.35) | 0.52 | 35.36 | <0.001 | 0.65 | Medium | PASS escape avoidance | 14.01 (5.31) | 9.44 (5.67) | 0.68 | 16.08 | <0.001 | 0.44 | Small | PASS cognitive anxiety | 15.75 (5.14) | 8.56 (5.73) | 0.67 | 61.68 | <0.001 | 0.86 | Large | PASS fear of pain | 9.50 (5.91) | 4.75 (6.04) | 0.75 | 17.97 | <0.001 | 0.46 | Small | PASS physiological anxiety | 10.91 (7.70) | 3.68 (4.34) | 0.78 | 40.72 | <0.001 | 0.70 | Medium | PCS rumination | 13.11 (4.03) | 9.51 (5.48) | 0.59 | 9.54 | <0.001 | 0.34 | Small | PCS magnification | 7.34 (3.02) | 5.00 (2.18) | 0.33 | 27.02 | <0.001 | 0.57 | Medium | PCS helplessness | 14.70 (5.16) | 9.18 (3.88) | 0.56 | 42.38 | <0.001 | 0.71 | Medium |
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