The Implications of Tobacco Smoking on Acute Postoperative Pain: A Prospective Observational Study
Table 2
Demographic data on female patients.
Variable
Nonsmokers
Current-smokers
Past-smokers
value
Age (y/o)
58.8 ± 1.2
53.5 ± 10.7
62.8 ± 13.4
<0.001
Height (cm)
154.5 ± 6.3
158.3 ± 7.6
150.5 ± 5.0
0.132
Weight (kg)
60.1 ± 11.9
63.1 ± 15.6
62.1 ± 8.3
0.437
ASA (I/II/III)
39/256/114
3/16/7
0/3/3
0.787
BMI (kg/m2)
25.2 ± 4.9
25.2 ± 6.1
27.8 ± 3.6
0.435
Intraoperative fluid infusion (mL)
2801 ± 1588
3055 ± 1350
2241 ± 993
0.239
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)
421 ± 407
520 ± 471
425 ± 288
0.791
Intraoperative urine output (mL)
619 ± 525
629 ± 539
516 ± 327
0.371
Smoking dependence scale
—
2.8 ± 2.1
—
—
Duration after quitting smoking (year)
—
—
10.1 ± 3.6
—
Surgical area
Upper abdomen
54
1
0
0.506
Lower abdomen
237
16
5
Four limbs
61
4
1
Spine
56
5
0
Others
1
1
0
Past history
HTN
156 (38%)
6 (23%)
2 (33%)
0.311
DM
74 (18%)
3 (12%)
2 (33%)
0.371
Alcohol drinking
4 (1%)
4 (15%)†
0 (0%)
0.001
Betel nut chewing
1 (0.3%)
1 (4%)
0 (0%)
0.140
Case number
409
26
6
Total cases: 441
Data were presented as mean ± SD or number (%). BMI: body mass index; HTN: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus. One-way ANOVA : when compared with the groups of nonsmokers or past-smokers.†: when compared with the group of nonsmokers or past-smokers.
