Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Buprenorphine versus Oral Tramadol/Acetaminophen in Patients with Persistent Postoperative Pain after Spinal Surgery

<div><i>Mean pain intensity scores from baseline to Week 6</i>. BTDS: buprenorphine transdermal system (NORSPAN); TA: tramadol/acetaminophen; NRS: numerical rating scale.</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 3: Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Buprenorphine versus Oral Tramadol/Acetaminophen in Patients with Persistent Postoperative Pain after Spinal Surgery 

Figure 3 | Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Buprenorphine versus Oral Tramadol/Acetaminophen in Patients with Persistent Postoperative Pain after Spinal Surgery 