Comparative Survey of Holding Positions for Reducing Vaccination Pain in Young Infants

Table 2

Infant demographic data.

Position	Supine	Upright
Demographics
Sex			0.374
Male	49 (47.6%)	95 (53.1%)
Female	54 (52.4%)	84 (46.9%)
Age (days; means ± SD)	68.4 ± 7.6	67.0 ± 6.8	0.107
Number of vaccines			0.719
Single	19 (18.4%)	30 (16.8%)
Multiple	84 (81.6%)	149 (83.2%)
Person holding the infants			0.789
Parents	87 (84.5%)	149 (83.2%)
Others	16 (15.5%)	30 (16.8%)
Sucking on a pacifier after injection	2 (1.9%)	1 (0.6%)	0.556

Chi-square test or Student’s t-test when appropriate.