| | Authors | Subjects
M : F | Age | Type of laser/λ/mode | SP | ED (J/cm2) | OP (mW) | Points | | Frequency of laser therapy | TE (J) | Study design | LLLT is
effective in
reducing pain |
| | Elastomeric separators |
| Abtahi
et al. [33] | 29/24 : 5 | 12–22 | GaAs 904 nm, pulsed mode | 0.38 cm2 | NI | 200 mW | 4 points: (cervical and radicular)
2 vestibular
2 lingual | 30 s | 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 | 1.5/point
6/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No |
| Almallah
et al. [28] | 36 | 12–26 | GaAlAs 830 nm | 7 mm | 16/tooth | 100 mW | 8 lingual, 8 palatal | 28 s/area | Single dose and
0, 1 | NI | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| AlSayed Hasan
et al. [30] | 13/3 : 9 | Mean age
18.16 | GaAlAs 830 nm,
continuous mode | NI | 2.25/tooth | 150 mW | 2 points: mesial and distal, cervical third | 15 s/point | Single dose | 2/point
4/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No | | 13/4 : 7 | Mean age
18.30 | GaAlAs 830 nm,
continuous mode | NI | 9/tooth | 150 mW | 2 points: mesial and distal, cervical third | 60 s/point | Single dose | 8/point
16/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No |
| Artés-Ribas
et al. [26] | 20/06 : 14 | 19–33.8 | GaAlAs 830 nm
continuous mode | 0.4 cm2 | 5/point
30/tooth | 100 mW | 6: 3 vestibular, 3 lingual | 120 s/tooth | Single dose | 2/point,
12/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| Bicakci
et al. [31] | 19/08 : 11 | 13.5–14.5 | GaAlAs 820 nm | 0.0314 cm2 | 7.96/point
31.84/tooth | 50 mW | 4: mesiobuccal mesiopalatal
distobuccal distopalatal | 5 s/point | 0, 24 h | 0.25/point
1/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| Eslamian
et al. [32] | 37/12 : 25 | 11–32 | GaAlAs 810 nm, continuous mode | NI | 2/point | 100 mW | 10: 5 buccal, 5 palatal | 20 s/point | 0, 24 h | NI | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| Farias
et al. [24] | 30 | 18–40 | GaAlAs 810 nm | 0.028 cm2 | 2/point
6/total | 100 mW | 3 points: interdental
papilla, distal, near the apex | 15 s/point | Single dose | 6/tooth | Double blind,
split-mouth | Yes |
| Furquim
et al. [29] | 79 | 13–34 | GaAlAs 808 nm | NI | 80/tooth | NI | NI | NI | Single dose | 6/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No |
| Lim
et al. [25] | 39 | 21–24 | GaAlAs 830 nm | NI | NI | 30 mW | 1: middle third | 15 s; 30 s; 60 s/tooth | 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 | 0.45; 0.95; 1.8 | Double blind, split-mouth | No |
| Marini
et al. [22] | 120/64 : 56 | 20–25 | GaAs 910 nm
superpulsed mode | 0.5 cm2 | NI | 160 mW | 2: cervical third (buccal and lingual) | 340 s/total | Single dose | 54.4/total energy | Double blind, parallel | Yes |
| Nóbrega
et al. [27] | 60/22 : 38 | 12–26 | GaAlAs 830 nm | 2 mm | 1/point
5/total | 40.6 mW | 4 points (vestibular) | 25/point
125 s total | Single dose | 5/tooth | Double blind, parallel | Yes |
| Qamruddin
et al. [23] | 88/28 : 60 | 13–30 | GaAlAs 940 nm,
continuous mode | NI | NI | 200 mW | 3 points buccally: mesial, distal middle | 20 s/point | Single dose | 4/point
12/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| | Archwire placement (initial stage) |
| Bayani
et al. [34] | 40 | 14–21 | GaAlAs 810 nm | 0,28 | 3,6/tooth | 200 mW | 6: cervical, middle, apical (vestibular and lingual) | 30 s/tooth | Single dose | 6/tooth | Parallel | Yes |
| Deshpande
et al. [36] | 30 | 16–25 | GaAs 904 nm | 5 mm | NI | 10 W | Lingual and buccal: middle third region | 120 s/side | Single dose | NI | Single blind, parallel | Yes |
| Tortamano
et al. [35] | 60/18 : 42 | 12–18 | GaAlAs 830 nm | NI | 5/tooth | 30 mW | 10: 2 apical, 1 middle third, 2 cervical (palatal, lingual) | 16/point | Single dose | NI | Double blind, parallel | Yes |
| | Archwire placement (final stage) |
| Domínguez and
Velásquez [37] | 59/19 : 40 | NI | GaAlAs 830 nm | 600 μm | 80/point | 100 mW | 2: 1 vestibular, 1 palatal | 44 s/tooth | Single dose | 4.4/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| | Canine retraction |
| Angelieri
et al. [9] | 12 | Mean age 12.66 | ArGaAl 780 nm | NI | 5/point | 20 mW | 10 points: 5 buccal and 5 lingual | 10 s/point | 0, 3, and 7 | 0.2/point
2/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No |
| Dalaie
et al. [39] | 12/3 : 9 | Mean age 20.1 | GaAlAs 880 nm,
continuous mode | NI | 5/point | 100 mW | 8 points:
4 buccally
4 lingually | 10 s/point | 1, 3, 7, 30, 33, 37, 60, 63, and 67 | NI | Double blind, split-mouth | No |
| | Doshi-Mehta and Bhad-Patil [38] | 20/8 : 12 | 12–23 | GaAlAs 800 nm,
continuous mode | NI | 5/total | 0.7 mW | 2: 1 buccal
and 1 lingual | 10 s/point | 0, 3, 7, and 14 (first month and thereafter every 15 days) | 8/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | Yes |
| Heravi
et al. [40] | 20/03 : 17 | 15–31 | GaAlAS 810 nm, continuous mode | 0.28 cm2 | 21.4/point | 200 mW | 10 points: 5 buccal and 5 lingual | 30 s/point | 0, 4, 7, 11, 15, 32, 35, 39, 43, and 56 | 6/point
60/tooth | Single blind, split-mouth | No |
|
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