Cadaveric Evaluation of Different Approaches for Quadratus Lumborum Blocks

Figure 3

Cadaveric dissection following conventional lateral and posterior QL blocks. (a) Dye-stained subcutaneous tissue in a posterior QL block. (b) Intramuscular dye infiltration of the EO in a lateral QL block. (c) A successful, deeply stained middle layer of the TLF; however, the posterior layer of TLF below the LD was also stained in this posterior QL block. (d) The TF plane was stained, but the PM was not involved, in a lateral QL block. (ES, erector spinae; LD, latissimus dorsi; QL, quadratus lumborum; EO, external oblique muscle; PM, psoas major; TLF, thoracolumbar fascia; TF, transversalis fascia).

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