Personality and Personality Disorders in Medication-Overuse Headache: A Controlled Study by SWAP-200

Table 3

Differences among patient groups on the SWAP-200 personality styles/syndromes while controlling for gender and age.

SWAP-200 Q-factors	MOH group ()		SUD group ()		PD group ()		F(2, 273)	η^2
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
Antisocial	43.36^a	0.85	53.94^b	0.82	47.86^c	0.67	29.64	0.18
Schizoid	46.42	0.96	48.18	0.93	46.69	0.77	0.80	0.01
Paranoid	48.40	3.38	49.15	3.27	47.02	2.69	0.15	0.00
Obsessive	60.21^a	1.14	44.90^b	1.10	53.96^c	0.91	34.40	0.20
Histrionic	48.70^a	1.05	54.09^b	1.01	52.48^b	0.83	5.70	0.04
Narcissistic	41.10^a	1.03	48.65^b	0.99	45.47^c	0.82	17.27	0.11
DS: avoidant	49.86	0.95	46.69	0.92	47.54	0.76	2.47	0.02
DS: high-functioning neurotic	58.38^a	0.98	47.13^b	0.95	53.90^c	0.78	25.20	0.16
DS: emotionally dysregulated	41.92^a	1.05	51.89^b	1.02	46.16^c	0.84	16.96	0.11
DS: dependent-masochistic	41.42^a	1.06	57.45^b	1.03	49.62^c	0.84	43.00	0.24
DS: hostile-externalizing	43.95^a	1.06	50.68^b	1.02	47.52^a	0.84	7.65	0.05

Note. MOH group = medication-overuse headache group; SUD group = substance use disorder group; PD group = personality disorder group; SWAP-200 = Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200; DS = dysphoric subfactor; η² = measure of effect size in analysis of covariance. Alphabetical superscripts indicate significant differences in post hoc analyses. Means with different alphabetic superscripts (a, b, and c) were statistically significant, while means with identical alphabetic superscripts were found not to be significantly different; ; .