Ultrasound-Guided Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block Reduces Postoperative Pain Intensity in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Figure 1

(a) The QL3 block. (a) The ultrasound image before injection. Arrow indicates needle trajectory and injection point between QLM (quadratus lumborum muscle) and PM (psoas major muscles). ESM: erector spinae muscle; L4 TP: L4 transverse process; PC: peritoneal cavity. (b) The QL3 block. Figure 1(b) shows the ultrasound image after injection. Arrow indicates needle trajectory and injection point between QLM (quadratus lumborum muscle) and PM (psoas major muscles). ESM: erector spinae muscle; L4 TP: L4 transverse process; PC: peritoneal cavity. LA: local anesthetics.

(a)

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