Research Article
Pain in the Prehospital Setting in Rwanda: Results of a Mixed-Methods Quality Improvement Project
Table 1
Pain etiology and location by patients with documented pain and those who received pain medications.
| Pain characteristic | Patients with documented pain (%) | Patients who received pain medications (%) |
| Total | (n = 6,168) | (n = 5,010) | Age | 31.5 y (±13) | 31 y (±12) | Sex | | | Male | 4,661 (76) | 3,795 (76.5) | Female | 1,457 (24) | 1,172 (23.5) | Etiology | | | Trauma (total patients = 6,266) | 5,724 (93) | 4,618 (92) | Road traffic incidents | 4,308 (70) | 3,578 (71.5) | Assaults | 652 (10.5) | 485 (9.5) | Fall | 452 (7.5) | 330 (6.5) | Burns | 60 (1) | 53 (1.0) | Others | 249 (4) | 112 (2) | Medical (total patients = 3,062) | 439 (7) | 306 (6) | OB-GYN (total patients = 1,781) | 8 (0.1) | 69 (1.5) | Location of pain | | | Lower limb | 2,414 (39) | 1951 (39) | Skull | 2,186 (35.5) | 1304 (26) | Face | 1,701 (27.5) | 1695 (34) | Upper limb | 1,380 (22) | 1069 (21.5) | Chest | 861 (14) | 551 (11) | Spine/back | 477 (7.5) | 372 (7.5) | Others | 609 (10) | 367 (7) | Acuity | | | Absolute | 637 (10.5) | 567 (11.5) | Relative | 4,431 (73.0) | 3,713 (75.5) | No urgency | 998 (16.5) | 646 (13.0) |
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